Instruction words in assignment topics
When analysing a question you need to clearly identify what you are being asked to do. For example, an essay describing policy changes would be quite different from one analysing those changes. Here are the meanings of some common instruction words.
Analyse
Break the material into component parts and comment on the content of each part separately.
Critically evaluate
Express your considered judgement about the merit or truth of factors, views or theories mentioned. First discuss them, noting strengths and weaknesses, then conclude with your own judgement. (Although a critical evaluation requires your informed opinion, do not use first person unless you are told to do so.)
Define
Give concise, clear meanings. Do not give details, but ensure you give the limits of the definition.
Describe
Recall facts, processes or events. You are not called to explain or interpret. Be as thorough as the word limit will allow, making sure you concentrate on the most important points.
Discuss
Present a point of view, that of others and/or your own. This will involve description and interpretation. The view you present should be supported by arguments and evidence.
Explain
Clarify and interpret the material you present. Where appropriate, give reasons for differences of opinions or results, and try to analyse causes.
Justify
Prove or give reasons for decisions or conclusions, and ensure that your argument is convincing.
Relate
Show how things are related to, or connected with, each other; or how one causes another, correlates with another, or is like another.
Summarise
Give main points in a condensed form, leaving out details and illustrations.
