In this unit students learn how the soil functions as a chemical, biological and physical system which interacts with the landscape and other parts of the ecosystem, and develop practical soil assessment skills. Students are introduced via theory and fieldwork to soils in the landscape (soil formation, soil-landscape interpretation), and study soil physics (phase relations, fundamental soil physical properties). BEngTech students also learn about soil mechanics and testing for engineers. All other students are introduced to soil chemistry and biology (ion adsorption, organic matter, soil organisms, nutrient cycling). A basic knowledge of chemistry is assumed.