This unit will cover the basic principles and applications of fluid mechanics; fluid statics and fluid flow, Modern Physics: introduction to quantum theory and early quantum theory, atomic models, semiconductors and nuclear physics, Waves: mechanics waves, standing waves and normal modes, sound, Optics: reflection and refraction, geometrical optics, optical instruments, interference, and Heat and Thermodynamics: thermal phenomenon, heat, heat transfer, kinetic theory, the laws of thermodynamics.