An introduction to semantics - the study of how languages express meaning. This unit begins with background on traditional and contemporary approaches, then undertakes a series of case studies in descriptive semantics mainly using the reductive paraphrase or NSM method. Topics include emotions, speech-acts, concrete objects, natural kind terms, physical activity verbs, causative constructions, and grammatical categories. The language-culture connection is a key theme. The unit is supported by a variety of online tools including online assessment. Web access is essential.