This unit is one of a suite of units in economic history. How does technological innovation influence economic and social development? How does the social and economic structure shape the process of technological change? This unit will examine major contemporary debates on these questions, with reference to a selection of historical case studies of technological innovation from classical to modern times. Topics covered will include: the meaning of 'technology'; mediaeval technology; the emergence of modern technological research; biotechnology and bioethics; the social implications of computerisation. This unit comprises up to 26 lecture hours and 12 tutorial hours.